IMAGE DIGITIZATION

The image plane is realized through a linear plane of photo-sensor which translate light in voltage quantities suitable for computer processing

SAMPLING

The image information is sampled both horizontally and vertically in order to obtain a 2D $M\times N$ array of values suitable for processing

$$I(x,y)\Rightarrow \left[\begin{array}{cccc}I(0,0)& I(0,1)& ....& I(0,M-1)\\ ...& ...& ...& ...\\ I(N-1,0)& I(N-1,1)& ....& I(N-1,M-1)\end{array}\right]$$

QUANTIZATION

In this phase the values of a single cell are quantize in $l=2^m$ different levels called gray levels , where $m$ is the number of bits used to represent the image, with this the space occupancy of one image is the following

$$B=M\times N\times m$$

IMAGE QUALITY

in order to increase the quality of the representation more bits need to be used, ether increasing $M$ or $N$ (the matrix dimensions) or increasing $m$ (the quality of representation of the single point)

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